What you need to know about Japanese Encephalitis Virus after ex-Tropical Cyclone Alfred

Recent frequent and heavy rainfall can lead to the rapid formation of stagnant water. But did you know that your water-logged pot plants could put you at risk of a virus?

Metro North Public Health Unit Entomologist Jonathan Darbro explains how key it is to prevent mosquito breeding grounds.

“Those seemingly harmless puddles left after a downpour are, in fact, potential nurseries for a future swarm of mosquitoes,” he said.

It’s important to remember that mosquitoes are not just pests; they are also vectors for several serious human illnesses, including Japanese Encephalitis Virus.

What is the Japanese Encephalitis Virus?

Japanese Encephalitis Virus (JEV) is a flavivirus related to dengue, carried by some types of mosquitoes.

Although Japanese Encephalitis Virus (JEV) is a rare outcome of JEV infection, it’s a serious concern as it can make you very unwell.

JEV spreads through mosquito bites and symptoms appear 5-15 days post-bite. It doesn’t spread person-to-person.

Signs and symptoms can include:

Symptoms of JEV can vary and some people may not have symptoms at all, but mild symptomatic infections may present with:

• Fever and headache.
• Abdominal pain and vomiting (especially in children).

Severe JEV disease can lead to acute encephalitis (brain inflammation), which can include:

• Sudden onset of high fever and chills.
• Severe headache.
• Neck stiffness.
• Disorientation.
• Convulsions.
• Paralysis.
• Coma.

How can I keep myself safe?

Protecting yourself against mosquito bites is the best way to prevent catching a virus like JEV. Jon recommends the following tips:

• Use Insect Repellent:
  • Apply insect repellent containing DEET, picaridin, or oil of lemon eucalyptus to exposed skin.

• Eliminate Mosquito Breeding Sites:
  • Regularly empty containers around your home that hold standing water (e.g., buckets, pots, tires).
  • Keep lawns and gardens well-maintained.
  • Ensure swimming pools are properly drained or filled when not in use.

• Avoid Mosquito Bites:
  • Mosquitoes that transmit JEV are most active around dawn and dusk. Avoid being outside at these times if possible.
  • Wear long sleeves and long trousers.
  • Make sure your doors and windows have screens.